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Hot Formed Back To Back Equal Angles

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Hot-formed Back-to-Back Equal Angles consist of two equal leg angles connected together to form a T-shape or star-shape profile, improving stability for compression members.

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Calculations

Description

Symbol Name

Value

Unit

Comment

Steel grade factor

ε_{t}

0.81362

ε_{t}

=

\sqrt{\frac{235}{f_{y}}}

=

\sqrt{\frac{235}{355.00}}

isClassFour

false

isClassFour

=

\frac{h_{t}}{t_{t}} > 11.5 \cdot ε_{t}

=

9.29 > 11.5 \cdot 0.81362

Buckling factor for constant compressive stress throughout the section - External compression elements

k_{σ}

0.43000

BS EN 1993-1-4 Table 4.2

Plate slenderness

λ_{p}

0.61283

λ_{p}

=

\frac{\frac{h_{t}}{t_{t}}}{(28.4 \cdot ε_{t} \cdot \sqrt{k_{σ}})}

=

\frac{9.29}{(28.4 \cdot 0.81362 \cdot \sqrt{0.43000})}

Reduction factor

ρ_{internal}

1.00

ρ_{internal}

=

{\begin{cases} \frac{(λ_{p} - 0.188)}{{λ_{p}}^{2}} & if λ_{p} > 0.748 \\ 1 & otherwise. \end{cases}

=

{\begin{cases} \frac{(0.61283 - 0.188)}{{0.61283}^{2}} & if 0.61283 > 0.748 \\ 1 & otherwise. \end{cases}

checkPsi

true

checkPsi

=

ρ_{internal} \leq 1

=

1.00 \leq 1

A_{eff}

1739.38

{mm}^{2}

A_{eff}

=

{\begin{cases} A_{t} - 4 \cdot {t_{t}}^{2} \cdot \frac{h_{t}}{t_{t}} \cdot (1 - ρ_{internal}) & if isClassFour \\ A_{t} & otherwise. \end{cases}

=

{\begin{cases} 1739.38 - 4 \cdot {7.00}^{2} \cdot 9.29 \cdot (1 - 1.00) & if false \\ 1739.38 & otherwise. \end{cases}

Δ_{a,reduction}

1.00

Δ_{a,reduction}

=

\frac{A_{eff}}{A_{t}}

=

\frac{1739.38}{1739.38}